Large-scale phenotyping of patients with long COVID post-hospitalization reveals mechanistic subtypes of disease

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
Felicity Liew, Claudia Efstathiou, Sara Fontanella, Dawid Swieboda, Jasmin K. Sidhu, Stephanie Ascough, Onn Min Kon, Luke S. Howard, Jennifer K. Quint, Christopher Chiu, Ryan S. Thwaites, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Jake Dunning & Peter J. M. Openshaw
Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Matthew Richardson, Ruth Saunders, Olivia C. Leavy, Omer Elneima, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Victoria C. Harris, Neil J. Greening, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Christopher Brightling & Ananga Singapuri
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Shona C. Moore, Daniel G. Wootton, Malcolm G. Semple, Lance Turtle, William A. Paxton & Georgios Pollakis
The Imperial Clinical Respiratory Research Unit, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK
Noura Mohamed
Cardiovascular Research Team, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Jose Nunag & Clara King
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Olivia C. Leavy, Louise V. Wain & Beatriz Guillen-Guio
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Aarti Shikotra
Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Linzy Houchen-Wolloff
Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Nazir I. Lone, Luke Daines, Annemarie B. Docherty, Nazir I. Lone, Matthew Thorpe, Annemarie B. Docherty, Thomas M. Drake, Cameron J. Fairfield, Ewen M. Harrison, Stephen R. Knight, Kenneth A. Mclean, Derek Murphy, Lisa Norman, Riinu Pius & Catherine A. Shaw
Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Matthew Thorpe, Annemarie B. Docherty, Ewen M. Harrison, J. Kenneth Baillie, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, A. A. Roger Thompson & Thushan de Silva
Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
A. A. Roger Thompson, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Thushan I. de Silva & James D. Chalmers
University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
James D. Chalmers & Ling-Pei Ho
MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Ling-Pei Ho & Alexander Horsley
Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Alexander Horsley & Betty Raman
Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Betty Raman & Krisnah Poinasamy
Asthma + Lung UK, London, UK
Krisnah Poinasamy & Michael Marks
Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Michael Marks
Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK
Michael Marks
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
Michael Marks & Mahdad Noursadeghi
MRC Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Antonia Ho & William Greenhalf
Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
William Greenhalf & J. Kenneth Baillie
The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
J. Kenneth Baillie, J. Kenneth Baillie, Sara Clohisey, Fiona Griffiths, Ross Hendry, Andrew Law & Wilna Oosthuyzen
Pandemic Science Hub, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
J. Kenneth Baillie
The Pandemic Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Malcolm G. Semple & Lance Turtle
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Kathryn Abel, Perdita Barran, H. Chinoy, Bill Deakin, M. Harvie, C. A. Miller, Stefan Stanel & Drupad Trivedi
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Kathryn Abel & J. Kenneth Baillie
North Bristol NHS Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
H. Adamali, David Arnold, Shaney Barratt, A. Dipper, Sarah Dunn, Nick Maskell, Anna Morley, Leigh Morrison, Louise Stadon, Samuel Waterson & H. Welch
University of Edinburgh, Manchester, UK
Davies Adeloye, D. E. Newby, Riinu Pius, Igor Rudan, Manu Shankar-Hari, Catherine Sudlow, Sarah Walmsley & Bang Zheng
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
Oluwaseun Adeyemi, Rita Adrego, Hosanna Assefa-Kebede, Jonathon Breeze, S. Byrne, Pearl Dulawan, Amy Hoare, Caroline Jolley, Abigail Knighton, M. Malim, Sheetal Patale, Ida Peralta, Natassia Powell, Albert Ramos, K. Shevket, Fabio Speranza & Amelie Te
Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Laura Aguilar Jimenez, Gill Arbane, Sarah Betts, Karen Bisnauthsing, A. Dewar, Nicholas Hart, G. Kaltsakas, Helen Kerslake, Murphy Magtoto, Philip Marino, L. M. Martinez, Marlies Ostermann, Jennifer Rossdale & Teresa Solano
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Shanaz Ahmad, Simon Brill, John Hurst, Hannah Jarvis, C. Laing, Lai Lim, S. Mandal, Darwin Matila, Olaoluwa Olaosebikan & Claire Singh
University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
N. Ahmad Haider, Catherine Atkin, Rhiannon Baggott, Michelle Bates, A. Botkai, Anna Casey, B. Cooper, Joanne Dasgin, Camilla Dawson, Katharine Draxlbauer, N. Gautam, J. Hazeldine, T. Hiwot, Sophie Holden, Karen Isaacs, T. Jackson, Vicky Kamwa, D. Lewis, Janet Lord, S. Madathil, C. McGee, K. Mcgee, Aoife Neal, Alex Newton-Cox, Joseph Nyaboko, Dhruv Parekh, Z. Peterkin, H. Qureshi, Liz Ratcliffe, Elizabeth Sapey, J. Short, Tracy Soulsby, J. Stockley, Zehra Suleiman, Tamika Thompson, Maximina Ventura, Sinead Walder, Carly Welch, Daisy Wilson, S. Yasmin & Kay Por Yip
Stroke Association, London, UK
Rubina Ahmed & Richard Francis
University College London Hospital and University College London, London, UK
Nyarko Ahwireng, Dongchun Bang, Donna Basire, Jeremy Brown, Rachel Chambers, A. Checkley, R. Evans, M. Heightman, T. Hillman, Joseph Jacob, Roman Jastrub, M. Lipman, S. Logan, D. Lomas, Marta Merida Morillas, Hannah Plant, Joanna Porter, K. Roy & E. Wall
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Mark Ainsworth, Asma Alamoudi, Angela Bloss, Penny Carter, M. Cassar, Jin Chen, Florence Conneh, T. Dong, Ranuromanana Evans, V. Ferreira, Emily Fraser, John Geddes, F. Gleeson, Paul Harrison, May Havinden-Williams, P. Jezzard, Ivan Koychev, Prathiba Kurupati, H. McShane, Clare Megson, Stefan Neubauer, Debby Nicoll, C. Nikolaidou, G. Ogg, Edmund Pacpaco, M. Pavlides, Yanchun Peng, Nayia Petousi, John Pimm, Najib Rahman, M. J. Rowland, Kathryn Saunders, Michael Sharpe, Nick Talbot, E. M. Tunnicliffe & C. Xie
St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Mariam Ali, Raminder Aul, A. Dunleavy, D. Forton, Mark Mencias, N. Msimanga, T. Samakomva, Sulman Siddique, Vera Tavoukjian & J. Teixeira
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
M. Aljaroof, Natalie Armstrong, H. Arnold, Hnin Aung, Majda Bakali, M. Bakau, E. Baldry, Molly Baldwin, Charlotte Bourne, Michelle Bourne, Nigel Brunskill, P. Cairns, Liesel Carr, Amanda Charalambou, C. Christie, Melanie Davies, Enya Daynes, Sarah Diver, Rachael Dowling, Sarah Edwards, C. Edwardson, H. Evans, J. Finch, Sarah Glover, Nicola Goodman, Bibek Gooptu, Kate Hadley, Pranab Haldar, Beverley Hargadon, W. Ibrahim, L. Ingram, Kamlesh Khunti, A. Lea, D. Lee, Gerry McCann, P. McCourt, Teresa Mcnally, George Mills, Will Monteiro, Manish Pareek, S. Parker, Anne Prickett, I. N. Qureshi, A. Rowland, Richard Russell, Salman Siddiqui, Sally Singh, J. Skeemer, M. Soares, E. Stringer, T. Thornton, Martin Tobin, T. J. C. Ward, F. Woodhead, Tom Yates & A. J. Yousuf
University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Louise Allan, Clive Ballard & Andrew McGovern
University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Richard Allen, Michelle Bingham, Terry Brugha, Selina Finney, Rob Free, Don Jones, Claire Lawson, Daniel Lozano-Rojas, Gardiner Lucy, Alistair Moss, Elizabeta Mukaetova-Ladinska, Petr Novotny, Kimon Ntotsis, Charlotte Overton, John Pearl, Tatiana Plekhanova, M. Richardson, Nilesh Samani, Jack Sargant, Ruth Saunders, M. Sharma, Mike Steiner, Chris Taylor, Sarah Terry, C. Tong, E. Turner, J. Wormleighton & Bang Zhao
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Lisa Allerton, Ann Marie Allt, M. Beadsworth, Anthony Berridge, Jo Brown, Shirley Cooper, Andy Cross, Sylviane Defres, S. L. Dobson, Joanne Earley, N. French, Kera Hainey, Hayley Hardwick, Jenny Hawkes, Victoria Highett, Sabina Kaprowska, Angela Key, Lara Lavelle-Langham, N. Lewis-Burke, Gladys Madzamba, Flora Malein, Sophie Marsh, Chloe Mears, Lucy Melling, Matthew Noonan, L. Poll, James Pratt, Emma Richardson, Anna Rowe, Victoria Shaw, K. A. Tripp, Lilian Wajero, S. A. Williams-Howard, Dan Wootton & J. Wyles
Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK
Lynne Allsop, Kaytie Bennett, Phil Buckley, Margaret Flynn, Mandy Gill, Camelia Goodwin, M. Greatorex, Heidi Gregory, Cheryl Heeley, Leah Holloway, Megan Holmes, John Hutchinson, Jill Kirk, Wayne Lovegrove, Terri Ann Sewell, Sarah Shelton, D. Sissons, Katie Slack, Susan Smith, D. Sowter, Sarah Turner, V. Whitworth & Inez Wynter
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, London, UK
Paula Almeida, Akram Hosseini, Robert Needham & Karen Shaw
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, London, UK
Bashar Al-Sheklly, Cristina Avram, John Blaikely, M. Buch, N. Choudhury, David Faluyi, T. Felton, T. Gorsuch, Neil Hanley, Tracy Hussell, Zunaira Kausar, Natasha Odell, Rebecca Osbourne, Karen Piper Hanley, K. Radhakrishnan & Sue Stockdale
Imperial College London, London, UK
Danny Altmann, Anew Frankel, Luke S. Howard, Desmond Johnston, Liz Lightstone, Anne Lingford-Hughes, William Man, Steve McAdoo, Jane Mitchell, Philip Molyneaux, Christos Nicolaou, D. P. O’Regan, L. Price, Jennifer K. Quint, David Smith, Jonathon Valabhji, Simon Walsh, Martin Wilkins & Michelle Willicombe
Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
Maria Alvarez Corral, Ava Maria Arias, Emily Bevan, Denise Griffin, Jane Martin, J. Owen, Sheila Payne, A. Prabhu, Annabel Reed, Will Storrar, Nick Williams & Caroline Wrey Brown
British Heart Foundation, Birmingham, UK
Shannon Amoils
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
David Anderson, Neil Basu, Hannah Bayes, Colin Berry, Ammani Brown, Andrew Dougherty, K. Fallon, L. Gilmour, D. Grieve, K. Mangion, I. B. McInnes, A. Morrow, Kathryn Scott & R. Sykes
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Charalambos Antoniades, A. Bates, M. Beggs, Kamaldeep Bhui, Katie Breeze, K. M. Channon, David Clark, X. Fu, Masud Husain, Lucy Kingham, Paul Klenerman, Hanan Lamlum, X. Li, E. Lukaschuk, Celeste McCracken, K. McGlynn, R. Menke, K. Motohashi, T. E. Nichols, Godwin Ogbole, S. Piechnik, I. Propescu, J. Propescu, A. A. Samat, Z. B. Sanders, Louise Sigfrid & M. Webster
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust and Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
Cherie Armour, Vanessa Brown, John Busby, Bronwen Connolly, Thelma Craig, Stephen Drain, Liam Heaney, Bernie King, Nick Magee, E. Major, Danny McAulay, Lorcan McGarvey, Jade McGinness, Tunde Peto & Roisin Stone
Airedale NHS Foundation Trust, Keighley, UK
Lisa Armstrong, Brigid Hairsine, Helen Henson, Claire Kurasz, Alison Shaw & Liz Shenton
Wrightington Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust, Wigan, UK
A. Ashish, Josh Cooper & Emma Robinson
Leeds Teaching Hospitals and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Andrew Ashworth, Paul Beirne, Jude Clarke, C. Coupland, Matthhew Dalton, Clair Favager, Jodie Glossop, John Greenwood, Lucy Hall, Tim Hardy, Amy Humphries, Jennifer Murira, Dan Peckham, S. Plein, Jade Rangeley, Gwen Saalmink, Ai Lyn Tan, Elaine Wade, Beverley Whittam, Nicola Window & Janet Woods
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
M. Ashworth, D. Cuthbertson, G. Kemp, Anne McArdle, Benedict Michael, Will Reynolds, Lisa Spencer, Ben Vinson, Katie A. Ahmed, Jane A. Armstrong, Milton Ashworth, Innocent G. Asiimwe, Siddharth Bakshi, Samantha L. Barlow, Laura Booth, Benjamin Brennan, Katie Bullock, Nicola Carlucci, Emily Cass, Benjamin W. A. Catterall, Jordan J. Clark, Emily A. Clarke, Sarah Cole, Louise Cooper, Helen Cox, Christopher Davis, Oslem Dincarslan, Alejandra Doce Carracedo, Chris Dunn, Philip Dyer, Angela Elliott, Anthony Evans, Lorna Finch, Lewis W. S. Fisher, Lisa Flaherty, Terry Foster, Isabel Garcia-Dorival, Philip Gunning, Catherine Hartley, Karl Holden, Anthony Holmes, Rebecca L. Jensen, Christopher B. Jones, Trevor R. Jones, Shadia Khandaker, Katharine King, Robyn T. Kiy, Chrysa Koukorava, Annette Lake, Suzannah Lant, Diane Latawiec, Lara Lavelle-Langham, Daniella Lefteri, Lauren Lett, Lucia A. Livoti, Maria Mancini, Hannah Massey, Nicole Maziere, Sarah McDonald, Laurence McEvoy, John McLauchlan, Soeren Metelmann, Nahida S. Miah, Joanna Middleton, Joyce Mitchell, Ellen G. Murphy, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Jack Pilgrim, Tessa Prince, P. Matthew Ridley, Debby Sales, Rebecca K. Shears, Benjamin Small, Krishanthi S. Subramaniam, Agnieska Szemiel, Aislynn Taggart, Jolanta Tanianis-Hughes, Jordan Thomas, Erwan Trochu, Libby van Tonder, Eve Wilcock & J. Eunice Zhang
University College London, London, UK
Shahab Aslani, Amita Banerjee, R. Batterham, Gabrielle Baxter, Robert Bell, Anthony David, Emma Denneny, Alun Hughes, W. Lilaonitkul, P. Mehta, Ashkan Pakzad, Bojidar Rangelov, B. Williams, James Willoughby & Moucheng Xu
Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Hull, Hull, UK
Paul Atkin, K. Brindle, Michael Crooks, Katie Drury, Nicholas Easom, Rachel Flockton, L. Holdsworth, A. Richards, D. L. Sykes, Susannah Thackray-Nocera & C. Wright
East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UK
Liam Austin, Eva Beranova, Tracey Cosier, Joanne Deery, Tracy Hazelton, Carly Price, Hazel Ramos, Reanne Solly, Sharon Turney & Heather Weston
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Nikos Avramidis, J. Kenneth Baillie, Erola Pairo-Castineira & Konrad Rawlik
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Nikos Avramidis, J. Kenneth Baillie & Erola Pairo-Castineira
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
A. Ayoub, J. Brown, G. Burns, Gareth Davies, Anthony De Soyza, Carlos Echevarria, Helen Fisher, C. Francis, Alan Greenhalgh, Philip Hogarth, Joan Hughes, Kasim Jiwa, G. Jones, G. MacGowan, D. Price, Avan Sayer, John Simpson, H. Tedd, S. Thomas, Sophie West, M. Witham, S. Wright & A. Young
East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, UK
Marta Babores, Maureen Holland, Natalie Keenan, Sharlene Shashaa & Helen Wassall
Sheffield Teaching NHS Foundation Trust and University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
J. Bagshaw, M. Begum, K. Birchall, Robyn Butcher, H. Carborn, Flora Chan, Kerry Chapman, Yutung Cheng, Luke Chetham, Cameron Clark, Zach Coburn, Joby Cole, Myles Dixon, Alexandra Fairman, J. Finnigan, H. Foot, David Foote, Amber Ford, Rebecca Gregory, Kate Harrington, L. Haslam, L. Hesselden, J. Hockridge, Ailsa Holbourn, B. Holroyd-Hind, L. Holt, Alice Howell, E. Hurditch, F. Ilyas, Claire Jarman, Allan Lawrie, Ju Hee Lee, Elvina Lee, Rebecca Lenagh, Alison Lye, Irene Macharia, M. Marshall, Angeline Mbuyisa, J. McNeill, Sharon Megson, J. Meiring, L. Milner, S. Misra, Helen Newell, Tom Newman, C. Norman, Lorenza Nwafor, Dibya Pattenadk, Megan Plowright, Julie Porter, Phillip Ravencroft, C. Roddis, J. Rodger, Peter Saunders, J. Sidebottom, Jacqui Smith, Laurie Smith, N. Steele, G. Stephens, R. Stimpson, B. Thamu, N. Tinker, Kim Turner, Helena Turton, Phillip Wade, S. Walker, James Watson, Imogen Wilson & Amira Zawia
University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
David Baguley, Chris Coleman, E. Cox, Laura Fabbri, Susan Francis, Ian Hall, E. Hufton, Simon Johnson, Fasih Khan, Paaig Kitterick, Richard Morriss, Nick Selby, Iain Stewart & Louise Wright
Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Wirral, UK
Elisabeth Bailey, Anne Reddington & Andrew Wight
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
J. Kenneth Baillie
University of Swansea, Swansea, UK
Steve Bain
University of Southampton, London, UK
David Baldwin, P. C. Calder, Nathan Huneke & Gemma Simons
Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
R. E. Barker, Daniele Cristiano, N. Dormand, P. George, Mahitha Gummadi, S. Kon, Kamal Liyanage, C. M. Nolan, B. Patel, Suhani Patel, Oliver Polgar, L. Price, P. Shah, Suver Singh & J. A. Walsh
York and Scarborough NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
Laura Barman, Claire Brookes, K. Elliott, L. Griffiths, Zoe Guy, Kate Howard, Diana Ionita, Heidi Redfearn, Carol Sarginson & Alison Turnbull
NHS Highland, Inverness, UK
Fiona Barrett, A. Donaldson & Beth Sage
Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
Helen Baxendale, Lucie Garner, C. Johnson, J. Mackie, Alice Michael, J. Newman, Jamie Pack, K. Paques, H. Parfrey, J. Parmar & A. Reddy
University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Derby, UK
Paul Beckett, Caroline Dickens & Uttam Nanda
NHS Lanarkshire, Hamilton, UK
Murdina Bell, Angela Brown, M. Brown, R. Hamil, Karen Leitch, L. Macliver, Manish Patel, Jackie Quigley, Andrew Smith & B. Welsh
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Areti Bermperi, Isabel Cruz, K. Dempsey, Anne Elmer, Jonathon Fuld, H. Jones, Sherly Jose, Stefan Marciniak, M. Parkes, Carla Ribeiro, Jessica Taylor, Mark Toshner, L. Watson & J. Worsley
Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
Lettie Bishop & David Stensel
Betsi Cadwallader University Health Board, Bangor, UK
Annette Bolger, Ffyon Davies, Ahmed Haggar, Joanne Lewis, Arwel Lloyd, R. Manley, Emma McIvor, Daniel Menzies, K. Roberts, W. Saxon, David Southern, Christian Subbe & Victoria Whitehead
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Charlotte Bolton, J. Bonnington, Melanie Chrystal, Catherine Dupont, Paul Greenhaff, Ayushman Gupta, W. Jang, S. Linford, Laura Matthews, Athanasios Nikolaidis, Sabrina Prosper & Andrew Thomas
King’s College London, London, UK
Kate Bramham, M. Brown, Khalida Ismail, Tim Nicholson, Carmen Pariante, Claire Sharpe, Simon Wessely & J. Whitney
Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
Lucy Brear, Karen Regan, Dinesh Saralaya & Kim Storton
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
G. Breen & M. Hotopf
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Andrew Briggs
Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, UK
E. Bright, P. Crisp, Ruvini Dharmagunawardena & M. Stern
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
Lauren Broad, Teriann Evans, Matthew Haynes, L. Jones, Lucy Knibbs, Alison McQueen, Catherine Oliver, Kerry Paradowski, Ramsey Sabit & Jenny Williams
Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Yeovil, UK
Andrew Broadley
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Mattew Broome, Paul McArdle, Paul Moss, David Thickett, Rachel Upthegrove, Dan Wilkinson, David Wraith & Erin L. Aldera
BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Anda Bularga
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Ed Bullmore, Jonathon Heeney, Claudia Langenberg, William Schwaeble, Charlotte Summers & J. Weir McCall
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre–Respiratory Patient and Public Involvement Group, Leicester, UK
Jenny Bunker, Rhyan Gill & Rashmita Nathu
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK
L. Burden, Ellen Calvelo, Bethany Card, Caitlin Carr, Edwin Chilvers, Donna Copeland, P. Cullinan, Patrick Daly, Lynsey Evison, Tamanah Fayzan, Hussain Gordon, Sulaimaan Haq, Gisli Jenkins, Clara King, Onn Min Kon, Katherine March, Myril Mariveles, Laura McLeavey, Silvia Moriera, Unber Munawar, Uchechi Nwanguma, Lorna Orriss-Dib, Alexandra Ross, Maura Roy, Emily Russell, Katherine Samuel, J. Schronce, Neil Simpson, Lawrence Tarusan, David Thomas, Chloe Wood & Najira Yasmin
Harrogate and District NHD Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK
Tracy Burdett, James Featherstone, Cathy Lawson, Alison Layton, Clare Mills & Lorraine Stephenson
Newcastle University/Chair of NIHR Dementia TRC, Newcastle, UK
David Burn
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
A. Burns & N. Kanellakis
Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, UK
Al-Tahoor Butt, Martina Coulding, Heather Jones, Susan Kilroy, Jacqueline McCormick, Jerome McIntosh, Heather Savill, Victoria Turner & Joanne Vere
University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
G. Carson
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Jonathon Cavanagh, S. MacDonald, Kate O’Donnell, John Petrie, Naveed Sattar & Mark Spears
United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Grantham, UK
Manish Chablani & Lynn Osborne
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
Trudie Chalder
University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
N. Chaudhuri
University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
Caroline Childs, R. Djukanovic, S. Fletcher, Matt Harvey, Mark Jones, Elizabeth Marouzet, B. Marshall, Reena Samuel, T. Sass, Tim Wallis & Helen Wheeler
King’s College Hospital/Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS FT, London, UK
A. Chiribiri & C. O’Brien
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
K. Chong-James, C. David, W. Y. James, Paul Pfeffer & O. Zongo
NHS Lothian and University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Gaunab Choudhury, S. Clohisey, Andrew Deans, J. Furniss, Ewen Harrison, S. Kelly & Aziz Sheikh
School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences. King’s College London, London, UK
Phillip Chowienczyk
Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
G. Coakley
Hywel Dda University Health Board, Haverfordwest, UK
S. Coetzee, Kim Davies, Rachel Ann Hughes, Ronda Loosley, Heather McGuinness, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Linda O’Brien, Zohra Omar, Emma Perkins, Janet Phipps, Gavin Ross, Abigail Taylor, Helen Tench & Rebecca Wolf-Roberts
NHS Tayside and University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
David Connell, C. Deas, Anne Elliott, J. George, S. Mohammed, J. Rowland, A. R. Solstice, Debbie Sutherland & Caroline Tee
Swansea Bay University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK
Lynda Connor, Amanda Cook, Gwyneth Davies, Tabitha Rees, Favas Thaivalappil & Caradog Thomas
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Eamon Coughlan
Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust, Rotherham, UK
Alison Daniels, Anil Hormis, Julie Ingham & Lisa Zeidan
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
P. Dark, Nawar Diar-Bakerly, D. Evans, E. Hardy, Alice Harvey, D. Holgate, Sean Knight, N. Mairs, N. Majeed, L. McMorrow, J. Oxton, Jessica Pendlebury, C. Summersgill, R. Ugwuoke & S. Whittaker
Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Mountain Ash, UK
Ellie Davies, Cerys Evenden, Alyson Hancock, Kia Hancock, Ceri Lynch, Meryl Rees, Lisa Roche, Natalie Stroud & T. Thomas-Woods
Borders General Hospital, NHS Borders, Melrose, UK
Joy Dawson, Hosni El-Taweel & Leanne Robinson
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Caerleon, UK
Amanda Dell, Sara Fairbairn, Nancy Hawkings, Jill Haworth, Michaela Hoare, Victoria Lewis, Alice Lucey, Georgia Mallison, Heeah Nassa, Chris Pennington, Andrea Price, Claire Price, Andrew Storrie, Gemma Willis & Susan Young
University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
J. Dennis
London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Shalin Diwanji, Sambasivarao Gurram, Padmasayee Papineni, Sheena Quaid, Gerlynn Tiongson & Ekaterina Watson
Alzheimer’s Research UK, Cambridge, UK
Hannah Dobson
Health and Care Research Wales, Cardiff, UK
Yvette Ellis
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Jonathon Evans
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
L. Finnigan, Laura Saunders & James Wild
Great Western Hospital Foundation Trust, Swindon, UK
Eva Fraile & Jacinta Ugoji
Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust, Barnstaple, UK
Michael Gibbons
Kettering General Hospital NHS Trust, Kettering, UK
Anne-Marie Guerdette, Melanie Hewitt, R. Reddy, Katie Warwick & Sonia White
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
Beatriz Guillen-Guio
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Elspeth Guthrie & Max Henderson
Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Cranleigh, UK
Mark Halling-Brown & Katherine McCullough
Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Trust, Calow, UK
Edward Harris & Claire Sampson
Long Covid Support, London, UK
Claire Hastie, Natalie Rogers & Nikki Smith
King’s College Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
A. Hayday
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Simon Heller
NIHR Office for Clinical Research Infrastructure, London, UK
Katie Holmes
Asthma UK and British Lung Foundation Partnership, London, UK
Ian Jarrold & Samantha Walker
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
Bhagy Jayaraman & Tessa Light
Action for Pulmonary Fibrosis, Peterborough, UK
S. Jones
Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, UK
Ian Jones
McPin Foundation, London, UK
Thomas Kabir
Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Steven Kerr
The Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Samantha Kon, G. Landers, Harpreet Lota, Mariam Nasseri & Sofiya Portukhay
Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
Ania Korszun
Swansea University, Swansea Welsh Network, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Swansea, UK
Keir Lewis
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
Nazir I. Lone
Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
C. Manisty
Barts Health NHS Trust and Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
Adrian Martineau
Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
Wadzanai Matimba-Mupaya & Sophia Strong-Sheldrake
University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK
Hamish McAllister-Williams, Stella-Maria Paddick, Anthony Rostron & John Paul Taylor
Gateshead NHS Trust, Gateshead, UK
W. McCormick, Lorraine Pearce, S. Pugmire, Wendy Stoker & Ann Wilson
Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Katherine McIvor
Kidney Research UK, Peterborough, UK
Aisling McMahon
NHS Dumfries and Galloway, Dumfries, UK
Michael McMahon & Paula Neill
Swansea University, Swansea, UK
M. McNarry
MQ Mental Health Research, London, UK
Lea Milligan
BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Nicholas Mills
Shropshire Community Health NHS Trust, Shropshire, UK
Sharon Painter, Johanne Tomlinson & Louise Warburton
Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK
Sue Palmer, Dawn Redwood, Jo Tilley, Carinna Vickers & Tania Wainwright
Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
Markus Ralser
Manchester University NHD Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Pilar Rivera-Ortega
Diabetes UK, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Elizabeth Robertson
Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Barnsley, UK
Amy Sanderson
MRC–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
Janet Scott
Diabetes UK, London, UK
Kamini Shah
British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
Ajay Shah
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Ajay Shah
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
R. Steeds
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
R. Touyz
University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London and Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
T. Treibel
Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Ioannis Vogiatzis
Swansea University and Swansea Welsh Network, Swansea, UK
N. Williams
DUK | NHS Digital, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
Bob Young
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
Kayode Adeniji
Princess Royal Hospital, Haywards Heath, UK
Daniel Agranoff & Chi Eziefula
Bassetlaw Hospital, Bassetlaw, UK
Ken Agwuh
Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, UK
Dhiraj Ail
Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital, Margate, UK
Ana Alegria
School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Beatrice Alex, Benjamin Bach & James Scott-Brown
North East and North Cumbria Ingerated, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Sam Allen
Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Petros Andrikopoulos, Kanta Chechi, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Julian Griffin, Sonia Liggi & Zoltan Takats
Section of Genomic and Environmental Medicine, Respiratory Division, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
Petros Andrikopoulos, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Michael Olanipekun & Anthonia Osagie
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Brian Angus
Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan, UK
Abdul Ashish
Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
Dougal Atkinson
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK
J. Kenneth Baillie
Section of Molecular Virology, Imperial College London, London, UK
Wendy S. Barclay
Furness General Hospital, Barrow-in-Furness, UK
Shahedal Bari
Hull University Teaching Hospital Trust, Kingston upon Hull, UK
Gavin Barlow
Hillingdon Hospital, Hillingdon, UK
Stella Barnass
St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
Nicholas Barrett
Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
Christopher Bassford
St Michael’s Hospital, Bristol, UK
Sneha Basude
Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport, UK
David Baxter
Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Michael Beadsworth
Bristol Royal Hospital Children’s, Bristol, UK
Jolanta Bernatoniene
Scarborough Hospital, Scarborough, UK
John Berridge
Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
Colin Berry
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Nicola Best
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Debby Bogaert & Clark D. Russell
James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth, UK
Pieter Bothma & Darell Tupper-Carey
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
Robin Brittain-Long
Adamson Hospital, Cupar, UK
Naomi Bulteel
Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
Tom Burden
Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Worcester, UK
Andrew Burtenshaw
ISARIC Global Support Centre, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Gail Carson, Laura Merson & Louise Sigfrid
Conquest Hospital, Hastings, UK
Vikki Caruth
The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
David Chadwick
Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, UK
Duncan Chambler
Antimicrobial Resistance and Hospital Acquired Infection Department, Public Health England, London, UK
Meera Chand
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Kanta Chechi
Royal Bournemouth General Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
Nigel Chee
Harrogate Hospital, Harrogate, UK
Jenny Child
Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, Blackburn, UK
Srikanth Chukkambotla
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Richard Clark, Audrey Coutts, Lorna Donelly, Angie Fawkes, Tammy Gilchrist, Katarzyna Hafezi, Louise MacGillivray, Alan Maclean, Sarah McCafferty, Kirstie Morrice, Lee Murphy & Nicola Wrobel
Torbay Hospital, Torquay, UK
Tom Clark
Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Paul Collini, Cariad Evans & Gary Mills
Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Marie Connor, Jo Dalton, Chloe Donohue, Carrol Gamble, Michelle Girvan, Sophie Halpin, Janet Harrison, Clare Jackson, Laura Marsh, Stephanie Roberts & Egle Saviciute
Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
Graham S. Cooke & Shiranee Sriskandan
St Georges Hospital (Tooting), London, UK
Catherine Cosgrove
Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackpool, UK
Jason Cupitt & Joanne Howard
The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
Maria-Teresa Cutino-Moguel
MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
Ana da Silva Filipe, Antonia Y. W. Ho, Sarah E. McDonald, Massimo Palmarini, David L. Robertson, Janet T. Scott & Emma C. Thomson
Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
Paul Dark
University Hospital of North Durham, Durham, UK
Chris Dawson
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
Samir Dervisevic
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Annemarie B. Docherty & Seán Keating
Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Cara Donegan & Rebecca G. Spencer
Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
Phil Donnison
National Phenome Centre, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Gonçalo dos Santos Correia, Matthew Lewis, Lynn Maslen, Caroline Sands, Zoltan Takats & Panteleimon Takis
Section of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Gonçalo dos Santos Correia, Matthew Lewis, Lynn Maslen, Caroline Sands & Panteleimon Takis
Guy’s and St Thomas’, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Sam Douthwaite, Michael MacMahon, Marlies Ostermann & Manu Shankar-Hari
The Royal Oldham Hospital, Oldham, UK
Andrew Drummond
European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France
Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Qeubec, Canada
Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
Jake Dunning & Maria Zambon
Hereford Count Hospital, Hereford, UK
Ingrid DuRand
Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
Ahilanadan Dushianthan
Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, UK
Tristan Dyer
University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
Chrisopher Fegan
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
Adam Finn
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Tom Fletcher
Leighton Hospital, Crewe, UK
Duncan Fullerton & Elijah Matovu
Manor Hospital, Walsall, UK
Atul Garg
Scunthorpe Hospital, Scunthorpe, UK
Sanjeev Garg
Cambridge University Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas
West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Bury St Edmunds, UK
Jo Godden
Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK
Arthur Goldsmith
North Cumberland Infirmary, Carlisle, UK
Clive Graham
Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
Tassos Grammatikopoulos
Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
Tassos Grammatikopoulos
Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Christopher A. Green
Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
William Greenhalf
Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
Rishi K. Gupta
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Hayley Hardwick, Malcolm G. Semple, Tom Solomon & Lance C. W. Turtle
Warwick Hospital, Warwick, UK
Elaine Hardy
Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
Stuart Hartshorn
Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
Daniel Harvey
Glangwili Hospital Child Health Section, Carmarthen, UK
Peter Havalda
Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Daniel B. Hawcutt
Department of Infectious Diseases, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
Antonia Y. W. Ho
Bronglais General Hospital, Aberystwyth, UK
Maria Hobrok
Worthing Hospital, Worthing, UK
Luke Hodgson
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Peter W. Horby
Rotheram District General Hospital, Rotheram, UK
Anil Hormis
Virology Reference Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale Avenue, London, UK
Samreen Ijaz
Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
Michael Jacobs & Padmasayee Papineni
Homerton Hospital, London, UK
Susan Jain
Airedale Hospital, Airedale, UK
Paul Jennings
Basildon Hospital, Basildon, UK
Agilan Kaliappan
The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Vidya Kasipandian
University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK
Stephen Kegg
The Whittington Hospital, London, UK
Michael Kelsey
Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
Jason Kendall
Sheffield Childrens Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Caroline Kerrison
Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
Ian Kerslake
Department of Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Say Khoo
Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Paul Klenerman
Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Paul Klenerman
Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
Susan Knight, Eva Lahnsteiner & Sarah Tait
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
Oliver Koch
Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, UK
Gouri Koduri
Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon, UK
George Koshy & Tamas Leiner
Royal Preston Hospital, Fulwood, UK
Shondipon Laha
University Hospital (Coventry), Coventry, UK
Steven Laird
The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
Susan Larkin
ISARIC, Global Support Centre, COVID-19 Clinical Research Resources, Epidemic diseases Research Group, Oxford (ERGO), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
James Lee & Daniel Plotkin
Centre for Health Informatics, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
Gary Leeming
Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
Patrick Lillie
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust:, Nottingham, UK
Wei Shen Lim
Darlington Memorial Hospital, Darlington, UK
James Limb
Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Gateshead), Gateshead, UK
Vanessa Linnett
Warrington Hospital, Warrington, UK
Jeff Little
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
Mark Lyttle
St Mary’s Hospital (Isle of Wight), Isle of Wight, UK
Emily MacNaughton
The Tunbridge Wells Hospital, Royal Tunbridge Wells, UK
Ravish Mankregod
Huddersfield Royal, Huddersfield, UK
Huw Masson
Countess of Chester Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Ruth McEwen & Lawrence Wilson
Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK
Manjula Meda
Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Alexander J. Mentzer
Department of Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Alexander J. Mentzer
MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Alison M. Meynert & Murray Wham
St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
Jane Minton
Arrowe Park Hospital, Birkenhead, UK
Kavya Mohandas
Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
Quen Mok
Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury, UK
James Moon
Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Elinoor Moore
Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Shona C. Moore, William A. Paxton & Georgios Pollakis
East Surrey Hospital (Redhill), Redhill, UK
Patrick Morgan
Burton Hospital, Burton, UK
Craig Morris & Tim Reynolds
Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK
Katherine Mortimore
Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, UK
Samuel Moses
Weston Area General Trust, Bristol, UK
Mbiye Mpenge
Bedfordshire Hospital, Bedfordshire, UK
Rohinton Mulla
Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
Michael Murphy
Macclesfield General Hospital, Macclesfield, UK
Thapas Nagarajan
Derbyshire Healthcare, Derbyshire, UK
Megan Nagel
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
Mark Nelson & Matthew K. O’Shea
Watford General Hospital, Watford, UK
Lillian Norris & Tom Stambach
EPCC, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Lucy Norris
Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, London, UK
Michael Olanipekun
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust: London, London, UK
Peter J. M. Openshaw
Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Anthonia Osagie
Prince Philip Hospital, Llanelli, UK
Igor Otahal & Andrew Workman
George Eliot Hospital – Acute Services, Nuneaton, UK
Mark Pais
Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Carlo Palmieri
Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
Carlo Palmieri
Kettering General Hospital, Kettering, UK
Selva Panchatsharam
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, North Midlands, UK
Danai Papakonstantinou
Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK
Hassan Paraiso
Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK
Brij Patel
Lister Hospital, Lister, UK
Natalie Pattison
Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, UK
Justin Pepperell
Kingston Hospital, Kingston, UK
Mark Peters
Queen’s Hospital, Romford, UK
Mandeep Phull
Southport and Formby District General Hospital, Southport, UK
Stefania Pintus
St George’s University of London, London, UK
Tim Planche
King’s College Hospital (Denmark Hill), London, UK
Frank Post
Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
Nicholas Price
Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Nicholas Price
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation, Bebington, UK
David Price
The Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK
Rachel Prout
Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
Nikolas Rae
Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Andrew Rambaut
Poole Hospital NHS Trust, Poole, UK
Henrik Reschreiter
William Harvey Hospital, Ashford, UK
Neil Richardson
King’s Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, UK
Mark Roberts
Liverpool Women’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Devender Roberts
Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, UK
Alistair Rose
North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple, UK
Guy Rousseau
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
Bobby Ruge
Tameside General Hospital, Ashton-under-Lyne, UK
Brendan Ryan
City Hospital (Birmingham), Birmingham, UK
Taranprit Saluja
Department of Pediatrics and Virology, St Mary’s Medical School Bldg, Imperial College London, London, UK
Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
Matthias Schmid
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
Janet T. Scott
Respiratory Medicine, Institute in The Park, University of Liverpool, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Malcolm G. Semple
Broomfield Hospital, Broomfield, UK
Aarti Shah
Stoke Mandeville, UK
Prad Shanmuga
University Hospital of North Tees, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
Anil Sharma
Institute of Translational Medicine, University of, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
Victoria E. Shaw
Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
Anna Shawcross
New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK
Jagtur Singh Pooni
Bedford Hospital, Bedford, UK
Jeremy Sizer
Colchester General Hospital, Colchester, UK
Richard Smith
University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Catherine Snelson & Tony Whitehouse
Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
Tom Solomon
Chesterfield Royal Hospital, Calow, UK
Nick Spittle
MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
Shiranee Sriskandan
Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, UK
Nikki Staines & Shico Visuvanathan
Milton Keynes Hospital, Eaglestone, UK
Richard Stewart
Division of Structural Biology, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
David Stuart
Royal Bolton Hopital, Farnworth, UK
Pradeep Subudhi
Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Charlotte Summers
Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Olivia V. Swann
Royal Gwent (Newport), Newport, UK
Tamas Szakmany
The Royal Marsden Hospital (London), London, UK
Kate Tatham
Blood Borne Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
Richard S. Tedder
Transfusion Microbiology, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, London, UK
Richard S. Tedder
Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Richard S. Tedder
Queen Victoria Hospital (East Grinstead), East Grinstead, UK
Jo Thomas
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Robert Thompson
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
Chris Thompson
Whiston Hospital, Rainhill, UK
Ascanio Tridente
Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Lance C. W. Turtle
Croydon University Hospital, Thornton Heath, UK
Mary Twagira
Gloucester Royal, Gloucester, UK
Nick Vallotton
West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hertfordshire, UK
Rama Vancheeswaran
North Middlesex Hospital, London, UK
Rachel Vincent
Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, UK
Lisa Vincent-Smith
Royal Papworth Hospital Everard, Cambridge, UK
Alan Vuylsteke
Derriford (Plymouth), Plymouth, UK
Sam Waddy
St Helier Hospital, Sutton, UK
Rachel Wake
Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
Andrew Walden
Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Ingeborg Welters
Bradford Royal infirmary, Bradford, UK
Paul Whittaker
Central Middlesex, London, UK
Ashley Whittington
Royal Cornwall Hospital (Tresliske), Truro, UK
Meme Wijesinghe
North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
Martin Williams
St. Peter’s Hospital, Runnymede, UK
Stephen Winchester
Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
Martin Wiselka
Grantham and District Hospital, Grantham, UK
Adam Wolverson
Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Daniel G. Wootton
North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
Bryan Yates
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King’s Lynn, UK
Peter Young
F.L. recruited participants, acquired clinical samples, analyzed and interpreted data and cowrote the manuscript, including all drafting and revisions. C.E. analyzed and interpreted data and cowrote this manuscript, including all drafting and revisions. S.F. and M.R. supported the analysis and interpretation of data as well as drafting and revisions. D.S., J.K.S., S.C.M., S.A., N.M., J.N., C.K., O.C.L., O.E., H.J.C.M., A. Shikotra, A. Singapuri, M.S., V.C.H., M.T., N.J.G., N.I.L. and C.C. contributed to acquisition of data underlying this study. L.H.-W., A.A.R.T., S.L.R.-J., L.S.H., O.M.K., D.G.W., T.I.d.S. and A. Ho made substantial contributions to conception/design and implementation of this work and/or acquisition of clinical samples for this work. They have supported drafting and revisions of the manuscript. E.M.H., J.K.Q. and A.B.D. made substantial contributions to the study design as well as data access, linkage and analysis. They have supported drafting and revisions of this work. J.D.C., L.-P.H., A. Horsley, B.R., K.P., M.M. and W.G. made substantial contributions to the conception and design of this work and have supported drafting and revisions of this work. J.K.B. obtained funding for ISARIC4C, is ISARIC4C consortium co-lead, has made substantial contributions to conception and design of this work and has supported drafting and revisions of this work. M.G.S. obtained funding for ISARIC4C, is ISARIC4C consortium co-lead, sponsor/protocol chief investigator, has made substantial contributions to conception and design of this work and has supported drafting and revisions of this work. R.A.E. and L.V.W. are co-leads of PHOSP-COVID, made substantial contributions to conception and design of this work, the acquisition and analysis of data, and have supported drafting and revisions of this work. C.B. is the chief investigator of PHOSP-COVID and has made substantial contributions to conception and design of this work. R.S.T. and L.T. made substantial contributions to the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data underlying this study and have contributed to drafting and revisions of this work. P.J.M.O. obtained funding for ISARIC4C, is ISARIC4C consortium co-lead, sponsor/protocol chief investigator and has made substantial contributions to conception and design of this work. R.S.T. and P.J.M.O. have also made key contributions to interpretation of data and have co-written this manuscript. All authors have read and approve the final version to be published. All authors agree to accountability for all aspects of this work. All investigators within ISARIC4C and the PHOSP-COVID consortia have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of this study and/or acquisition of data for this study. The full list of authors within these groups is available in Supplementary Information.